Single-use dialyzers provide the advantage of reducing the cost of personnel, technician training on dialyzer reuse, reuse record keeping, room maintenance for safety and sterilization, and quality assurance programs.

Single use also benefits patients by decreasing reuse syndromes caused by residual germicides.
Synthetic membranes with improved biocompatibility have reduced first use syndromes, especially now that sterilization with ETO has been replaced with gamma radiation, electron beam radiation, and steam.

There is also an economic benefit to single use dialyzers because of the decreased need for space, and the provider can realize savings in utility bills and dialyzer reuse supplies.

Legal costs are reduced with increased patient safety, especially with sterilization methods such as oxygen free gamma radiation which limits the oxidation of free radicals.

With the development of smaller, more compact dialyzers, the provider can save space and storage costs, while producing less waste and creating less of a burden on the environment.

The manufacture of smaller dialyzers requires the use of less petroleum which is better for the environment, along with the use of plastics from degradable polymers instead of conventional oil-based polymers such as polycarbonate, thus contributing to cleaner waste disposal.

The elimination of toxic materials in dialyzers such as DEHP also leads to safer hemodialysis waste disposal.

Dialyzers that are reused should be reprocessed following the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI) Standards and Recommended Practices for reuse of hemodialyzers.

Dialyzers intended for reuse should have a blood compartment volume not less than 80% of the original measured volume or a urea (or ionic) clearance not less than 90% of the original measured clearance.